What is the role of 'slip' in an induction motor's performance?

In an induction motor, 'slip' plays a crucial role in determining both torque production and efficiency. Specifically, slip refers to the difference between the synchronous speed of the magnetic field in the stator and the actual rotor speed. This difference is essential for creating the induced electromotive force (EMF) in the rotor, which in turn generates torque.

When slip increases, the rotor speed decreases relative to the synchronous speed, leading to a greater relative motion between the rotor and the magnetic field. This increased relative motion causes a greater induced EMF in the rotor, which results in higher torque. However, if slip becomes too high, it can cause the motor to operate inefficiently, as increased slip generally leads to greater losses due to heat. Therefore, maintaining an optimal level of slip is critical for achieving maximum efficiency and torque output.

As such, slip is not related to maximum voltage output, motor wear status, or motor size, but is fundamentally linked to how well the induction motor performs under various load conditions.